Impossible to calculate as Soviet figures are unreliable at best.
Relying on convergence of anecdotal evidence
Source - Economics of ww2 by Harrison
Cats & dogs going missing in Moscow
People going to the front because food is so bad at home
62nd/63rd/64th army running out of food
Roosevelt tells Molatov in 42 that he’ll send less food to start the
second front in 43 instead of 44. Molatov doesn’t want this, he
prefers food
Census is done in 37. Stalin didn’t like the results and had the
people who did the census shot. Next census showed the correct
numbers
In controlled communist economies prices of goods are made up by
government and are therefore meaningless
Soviet Union were in dire economic straits. If Stalingrad was won by
the Germans they would probably have collapsed
Pre war economy
Agriculture
Country
Working population in agriculture
Output of non agricultural worker
USSR
57%
33%
Germany
26%
50%
USA
17%
40%
UK
6%
59%
Agricultural workers in USSR were female because men were drafted
for the war or in gulags
Amount of rubels spent on the economy dropped from 58.3bn in 1940 to
31.6bn in 1942
Inflation was also rampant which amplified the problems
Ukraine & caucuses were taken by Germany. the wheat basket
Collectivised farms were terrible for productivity
Soviet citizens average daily intake of calories from 1942-1943 is
estimated to have been 2555 calories. In 1944 this was increased to
2810 calories. 500 calories less than average german/british
civilian. Americans ate 1000 more.
Dispossed/hungry licked plates of others meals
Communist leadership ate well
200-300 grams of sub standard bread
Soviets ate half as much food as US citizens on average
Zhukov boasted his men lived on 1000 calories / day during the
battle of Stalingrad
between 1940-1942 real output of civilian branches feel from 1/2 to
2/3
By 1942 agricultural output fell to 44% of pre war (1937) level
according to official Soviet numbers
50m people in USSR employed in agriculture in 1940. By 1942 figure
dropped to 25m according to official USSR numbers
Half the population were covered by official rationing system
80% of the rations were bread
After 1942 mortality rates in Siberia decreased because the weakest
already died off
Gulags
In gulags rations were decreased dramatically. from 1942-1943 people
were starving in gulags
During war years 5m people were in gulag system. 1m were released to
the front. Majority left in gulags were ill and infirm. They were
given light work. Even before the war food wasn’t provided in enough
quantities in 1939
camp mortality reached it peak in 1942 when 50k prisoners died every
month.
Over 2m people died in gulags and camps during war years
Household consumption by workers decreased by 2 fifths from
1940-1942