Bindings and scopes in JavaScript

Bindings

• For bindings defined outside of any function or block, the scope is the whole program. We call these global bindings
• Bindings created for function parameters or declared inside a function can only be referenced in that function. These are known as local bindings. New instances of these local bindings are created every time the function is called
• Bindings declared with let and const are local to the block that they are declared in
• In pre-2015 JavaScript, only functions created new scopes. So old-style bindings created with var are visible throughout the whole function that they appear in. If not declared in a function then scope is global

let x = 10
if (true) {
    let y = 20
    var z = 30
    console.log(x + y + z)
}
 
// y is not accessable here
console.log(x + z)

const halve = function(n) {
    return n / 2
}
 
let n = 10
 
console.log(halve(100))
console.log(n)

Nested scope

const hummus = function(factor) {
  const ingredient = function(amount, unit, name) {
    let ingredientAmount = amount * factor;
    if (ingredientAmount > 1) {
      unit += "s";
    }
    console.log(`${ingredientAmount} ${unit} ${name}`);
  };
  ingredient(1, "can", "chickpeas");
  ingredient(0.25, "cup", "tahini");
  ingredient(0.25, "cup", "lemon juice");
  ingredient(1, "clove", "garlic");
  ingredient(2, "tablespoon", "olive oil");
  ingredient(0.5, "teaspoon", "cumin");
};
 
hummus(1)